Mole on the cheek

Who has no moles, at least one? Most often they look harmless and even cute, but sometimes they cause a lot of trouble.

Skin, like a spacesuit, protects us from natural hazards, including ultraviolet rays (UVA and UVB). Most of them are delayed by the atmosphere, but some still reach the surface of the Earth. The dark pigment melanin in our skin absorbs harmful rays, preventing them from entering the body. Melanin is synthesized in special cells - melanocytes, which are evenly distributed in the surface layer of the skin - the epidermis. In some places they accumulate more than in others - this is moles, scientifically nevus. We have some “marks” from birth (hence the name given to them by the people), others arise later, mainly in childhood and adolescence.
AT GUNPOINT
Moles are often harmless, but you need to be on their guard with them, as they are capable of degeneration. It would seem that melanocytes, which are called to fight UV rays with the help of the pigment melanin, themselves should be invulnerable to them. However, in fact, the opposite is true: a mole is a skin weakness. This is where melanoma can occur - a very dangerous and insidious tumor. The more often you bask under the scorching sun in the hope of finding a chocolate tan, the higher the likelihood of unpleasant consequences. Excessive ultraviolet radiation can cause DNA damage, trigger irreversible changes in the skin and lead to the development of a malignant tumor.In addition to those who like to wallow on the beach for hours, people with fair or red hair, blue, gray, green eyes and "porcelain" skin, as well as owners of a large number of freckles and age spots, are at risk. However, fans of tanning salons should also think: the UV rays of spectrum A, which are used in lamps for artificial tanning, not only accelerate skin aging, but also increase the risk of melanoma.
TIP. Many people believe that the morning and evening sun does no harm. It's a delusion! Safe UV rays do not exist. Therefore, for prolonged exposure to the sun at any time of the day, wear clothing that protects the skin as much as possible from sunlight, and apply special cosmetics to exposed areas of the body.
DO NOT MISS A MOMENT!
To keep the situation under control, monthly inspect old and new moles. This is best done in a well-lit room in front of a large mirror. If you notice any changes, be sure to contact a dermatologist. The doctor will check a suspicious mole with a special device - a dermatoscope. It enlarges the image of the nevus 10 times and helps to determine even the slightest deviations from the norm. And thanks to modern digital technologies, you can take pictures of a mole and watch it in the future. After the examination, the dermatologist will tell you whether to remove the mole or not. In addition to potentially dangerous nevi, doctors, as a rule, advise to part with “marks” located on the back of the head, neck, back, under the armpits, in the waist area - in places where they are easily injured.Unwanted moles are removed in various ways: using a scalpel (surgical method), high-frequency current (electrocoagulation), liquid nitrogen (cryotherapy), a laser, a radio knife (radiosurgery). Which way to choose, the doctor decides.
TIP. In no case do not try to get rid of boring moles yourself, for example, by burning them. Such amateur activity can lead to inflammation, the appearance of scars and other unpleasant consequences.
IN THE AREA OF SPECIAL ATTENTION
Oncologists have developed the ABCDE rule, with which it is easy to track changes occurring with a mole.
Asymmetry Draw a conditional line in the middle of the mole - the halves should be the same shape. If they differ, the mole is worth checking.
Borders The edges of the mole should be smooth, clear, without chipping.
Coloring It doesn’t matter what color the mole is - light or dark brown. The hue should be the same over the entire surface, without bluish or reddish blotches.
Diameter The larger the mole, the higher the risk of its degeneration. Moles with a diameter greater than 5 mm require special attention.
Evolution If you notice that the mole is growing rapidly, changes color, becomes inflamed, bleeds or hurts, immediately see a doctor!
TEXT: ELENA SHVEDOVA. PHOTO: PR
Material prepared by Julia Dekanova

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